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Immigration is the introduction of new people into a habitat or population. It is a biological concept and is important in population ecology, differentiated from emigration and migration.

The International Organization for Migration or(I.O.M) said there are more than 300 million migrants around the world today. Europe hosted the largest number of immigrants, with 70.6 million people in 2005, the latest year for which figures are available. North America, with over 45.1 million immigrants, is second, followed by Asia, which hosts nearly 25.3 million. Most of today's migrant workers come from Asia.

The United Nations found that, in 2005, there were nearly 191 million international migrants worldwide, 3 percent of the world population. This represented a rise of 26 million since 1990. Sixty percent of these immigrants were now in developed countries, an increase on 1990. Those in less developed countries stagnated, mainly because of a fall in refugees. Contrast that to the average rate of globalization (the proportion of cross-border trade in all trade), which exceeds 20 percent. The numbers of people living outside their country of birth is expected to rise in the future.

The Middle West, some parts of Europe, small areas of South West Asia, and a few spots in the East Indies have the highest percentages of immigrant population recorded by the UN Census 2005. The reliability of immigrant censuses is, however, lamentably low due to the concealed character of undocumented labor migration. The International Organization for Migration has estimated the number of foreign migrants to be over 200 million worldwide today.

Recent surveys by Gallup found roughly 700 million adults would like to migrate to another country permanently if they had the chance. The United States is the top desired destination country.


 

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  • American Immigration Lawyers Association

    The American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) is an immigrant advocacy group, and is the United States' immigration bar association. AILA is a non-profit organization that consists of lawyers and law professors that are dedicated to the practice and teaching of immigration law. Its advocates represent U.S. families who are attempting to get U.S. permanent resident status for family members overseas and also represent businesses that have sponsored highly-skilled workers overseas who are attempting to enter the United States on a temporary or permanent basis. AILA was founded in 1946, and as of 2010, consists of over 11500 lawyers. In 1985, there were 1,800 members; a three-fold increase from 1975.

  • Center for Immigration Studies

    The Center for Immigration Studies (CIS) is a non-profit research organization that advocates immigration reduction in the United States. Founded in 1985, its executive director is Mark Krikorian. As a 501(c)(3) organization, it is subject to limits or absolute prohibitions on engaging in political activities. The organization describes itself as non-partisan. Media sources describe it as a "non-partisan" or a "conservative" organization.

  • Citizenship and Immigration Canada

    The Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada is the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for issues dealing with immigration and citizenship. The department was established in 1994 following a reorganization within the federal government.

    CIC operates a large network of "Citizenship and Immigration Centres" throughout Canada and in an important number of embassies, high commissions and consulates abroad. Service Canada recently started to take over some of the domestic field operations of the department while the Canada Border Services Agency took over the control of enforcement and entry control at borders and airports.

    CIC remains responsible for the establishment of policies and processing of permanent and temporary residence visa, refugee protection and citizenship applications.

  • Department of Immigration and Citizenship

    The Department of Immigration And Citizenship (DIAC) is an Australian Government department. For the 2008-09 financial year, DIAC had an annual operating budget of AUD$1.7 billion. The Department of Immigration and Citizenship is responsible for: immigration arrangements, border control, citizenship, ethnic affairs & multicultural affairs.

  • Home Office

    The Home Office is the United Kingdom government department responsible for immigration control, security and order. As such it is responsible for the police, United Kingdom Borders Agency and MI5. It is also in charge of government policy on security-related issues such as drugs, counter-terrorism and ID cards. It was formerly responsible for the Prison Service and Probation Service, but these are now under a newly created Ministry of Justice.

  • Immigration and Checkpoints Authority

    The Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (Abbreviation: ICA; Chinese: 移民与关卡局, Malay; Penguasa Imigresen dan Pintu Masuk) is a department under the Ministry of Home Affairs in Singapore. The organisation is in charge of immigration, Singapore passports, identity cards, permanent residents services, customs, issuing permits to foreigners such as visit pass, visas and student passes. The ICA is in charge of safeguarding Singapore's borders. It ensures that the movement of people, goods and conveyances through the checkpoints is legitimate and lawful. It is in charge of birth and death registrations. The organisation was formed on April 1, 2003 with the merger of Singapore Immigration and Registration and the border control functions of Customs and Excise Department.

  • Immigration New Zealand

    Immigration New Zealand or INZ (Māori: Ta Ratonga Manene, previously called New Zealand Immigration Service or NZIS) is a part of the Workforce group of the New Zealand Department of Labour. It is responsible for managing the benefits and consequences of immigration to New Zealand.

  • International Organization for Migration

    The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM) to help resettle people displaced by World War II.

    It is the principal intergovernmental organization in the field of migration. IOM is dedicated to promoting humane and orderly migration for the benefit of all. It does so by providing services and advice to governments and migrants.

    IOM works to help ensure the orderly and humane management of migration, to promote international cooperation on migration issues, to assist in the search for practical solutions to migration problems and to provide humanitarian assistance to migrants in need, be they refugees, displaced persons or other uprooted people. The IOM Constitution gives explicit recognition to the link between migration and economic, social and cultural development, as well as to the right of freedom of movement of persons.

    IOM works in the four broad areas of migration management: migration and development, facilitating migration, regulating migration, and addressing forced migration. Cross-cutting activities include the promotion of international migration law, policy debate and guidance, protection of migrants’ rights, migration health and the gender dimension of migration.

    In addition, IOM has often organized elections for refugees out of their home country, as was the case in the 2004 Afghan elections and the 2005 Iraqi elections. These elections were directed by Peter Erben supported by senior electoral managers such as Craig Jenness, Richard Atwood and Stuart Poucher.

    IOM works closely with governmental, intergovernmental and non-governmental partners.

  • Irish Naturalisation & Immigration Service

    The Irish Naturalisation & Immigration Service is a department of the Civil service of the Republic of Ireland.

    The Irish Naturalisation & Immigration Service (INIS) was established in 2005 in order to provide a ‘one stop shop’ in relation to asylum, immigration, citizenship and visas. The INIS is responsible for administering the administrative functions of the Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform in relation to asylum, immigration (including Visas) and citizenship matters. The INIS also facilitates a whole of government approach to immigration and asylum issues which enables a more efficient service to be provided in these areas.

  • National Immigration Forum

    The National Immigration Forum (also called "The Forum") is an immigrant rights organization based in Washington, DC that publishes studies, lobbies congress members, and networks local organizations with the goal of increasing public support for immigration to the United States. It was established in 1982.

  • UK Border Agency

    The UK Border Agency (UKBA) is the border control body of the United Kingdom (UK) government and part of the Home Office. It was formed on 1 April 2008 by a merger of the Border and Immigration Agency (BIA), UKvisas and the port of entry functions of HM Revenue and Customs. The decision to create a single border control organisation was taken following a Cabinet Office report.

  • United States Citizenship and Immigration Services

    United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is a bureau of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). It performs many administrative functions formerly carried out by the legacy United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), which was part of the Department of Justice. The stated priorities of the USCIS are to promote national security, to eliminate immigration case backlogs, and to improve customer services. The Bureau is headed by a director who reports directly to the Deputy Secretary for Homeland Security. USCIS was formerly and briefly named the U.S. Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (BCIS), before becoming USCIS.

  • U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

    U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), responsible for identifying, investigating, and dismantling vulnerabilities regarding the nation's border, economic, transportation, and infrastructure security. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., ICE is charged with the investigation and enforcement of over 400 federal statutes within the United States, and maintains attachés at major U.S. embassies overseas. Consequently, ICE special agents possess the broadest investigative authority within the United States government.



 
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